Plant Development                                                        BACK TO BIOLOGY
    A.    Fruits and Seeds
        1.    Types of Fruits (ripened ovaries of flowers)
            a.    simple dry - single ovary. (nuts, soybean)
            b.    simple fleshy - single ovary. (cherries, tomatoes, apples)
            c.    aggregate - several ovaries in one flower. (strawberries, raspberries)
            d.    multiple fruit - ovaries from different flowers join. (pineapple)
        2.    Seeds - ripened ovules
            a.    seed coat - tough, protective layer that develops from the wall of the ovule.
            b.    embryo - develops from the fertilized egg.
                    - epicotyl - gives rise to the top part of the stem and leaves
                    - hypocotyl - gives rise to the lower part of the stem
                    - radicle - gives rise to the root
            c.    endosperm - food storage tissue.
            d.    cotyledons - seed leaves
        3.    Two classes of angiosperms:
            a.    monocots - one cotyledon, parallel veins in leaf, vascular tissue scattered in stem, flower petals in 3s.
            b.    dicots - two cotyledons, branched veins in leaf, vascular tissue in rings, flower petals in 4s or 5s.
                    - endosperm nutrients are absorbed into the cotyledons (2 halves of a peanut)
        4.    Germination - the sprouting of a seed.
            a.    water
            b.    oxygen
            c.    warm temperature
            d.    some need light