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Rough Science - Explore the Challenges
Powers of Ten
 

I. Studying The Earth
    Framework Concepts:
        Two fundamental energy concepts included in the earth system are gravity and electromagnetism.
        Scientists use various instruments and methods to investigate the earth as a system.
     A. Introduction to Earth Science
     B. The Earth in Space
     C. Models of the Earth

II. The Dynamic Earth
    Framework Concepts:
        The earth has internal and external sources of energy. The sun is the major external source of energy while the
         primary sources of internal   energy are generated through radioactive decay and gravitational  attraction from the
         earth's original formation.
        The earth is a system of interacting spherical layers with each layer having distinct characteristic compositions,
         physical properties, and processes.
        Plate tectonics operating over geologic time have altered the features  of land, sea, and mountains by both
         constructive and destructive processes.
    A. Plate Tectonics                                                  Webquests in Earth Science
    B. Deformation of the Crust
    C. Earthquakes
    D. Volcanoes

III. Composition of the Earth
    Framework Concepts:
        Numerous earth resources are used to sustain human affairs. The abundance and accessibility of these resources
         can influence their use.
        Rocks and minerals are continually being modified within the rock  cycle.
    A. Earth Chemistry
    B. Minerals of the Earth’s Crust                           Geology Labs On-Line
    C. Rocks
    D. Resources and Energy

IV. Reshaping the Crust
    Framework Concepts:
        Interactions among the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere have resulted in ongoing evolution of the
         earth system over geologic time.
       Water is continually being recycled by the hydrologic cycle through the watersheds, oceans, and the atmosphere
        by processes such as evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, and infiltration. This life-giving cycle is
        continually and increasingly impacted by human affairs.
    A. Weathering and Erosion
    B. Water and Erosion
    C. Groundwater and Erosion
    D. Glaciers and Erosion
    E. Erosion by Wind and Waves

V. The History of the Earth
    Framework Concept:
        Geologic time can be determined by analyzing rocks and fossils.
    A. The Rock Record
    B. A view of the Earth’s Past
    C. The History of the Continents

VI. Oceans
    Framework Concept:
        Oceans redistribute matter and energy around the earth, through surface and deepwater currents, tides, waves,
         and interaction with  other earth spheres.
    A. The Oceans Basins
    B. Ocean Water
    C. Movements of the Ocean

VII. The Atmospheric Forces
     Framework Concept:
         Global atmospheric processes are driven by energy from the sun, unequal heating between the equator and poles,
           the earth’s rotation and revolution, and the influence of land and   water. Human affairs can dramatically influence
           and be influenced by atmospheric phenomena.
    A. The Atmosphere – Lab: Air Density and Temperature
    B. Water in the Atmosphere
    C. Weather – Lab: Weather Map Interpretation
    D. Climate – Lab: Factors that Affect Climate

VIII. Studying Space
    Framework Concept:
        The earth has internal and external sources of energy. The sun is the   major external source of energy while
         the primary sources of internal  energy are generated through radioactive decay and gravitational attraction
         from the earth's original formation.
       The origin of the universe, between 10 and 20 billion years ago, remains one of the greatest questions in science.
       Gravity influences the formation and life cycles of galaxies, including our own Milky Way Galaxy, stars,
        planetary systems, and residual material left from the creation of the solar system. These objects move in
        regular patterns under the influence of gravity.
       Our solar system is composed of a star, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, and residual material left from
         the evolution of the solar system over time.
    A. Stars and Galaxies – Lab: Parallax
    B. The Sun
    C. The Solar System – Lab: Solar System
    D. Moon and Rings – Lab: Eclipses