Cellular respiration is the _________________ of food. This is how we release

the ______________ from our food. The energy is stored in molecules called _____ or

_____________________. Those molecules are the _____________ source of energy

for our cells.

Usually, the starting substance (food) for cellular respiration is ______________.

This molecule is broken up into two molecules of ______________, each of which

contains ______ carbon atoms. That first step of ________________ requires ___ATP.

In the second step of glycolysis, 4 molecules of ______________ are produced. That

step releases energy that is stored in the form of ____ATP. So, overall glycolysis has a

Net gain of ___ ATP.

If no oxygen is available, the pyruvate is broken down into ______________ or

________________ and carbon dioxide. This is called anaerobic respiration or

_________________. The entire process occurs in the ____________________ of the

cell.

If oxygen is available, the pyruvate enters a ________________________, where

it loses a carbon atom as ___________ and becomes the two-carbon molecule

________________. The molecule enters the _________________. Electron shuttle

molecules, _______________ and ______________ become _______________ as they

accept electrons from the molecule going through the cycle. In addition, carbon dioxide

is released and ____ ATP are produced during the Kreb's cycle.

NADH and FADH are __________________ as they lose electrons to the

electron transport chain. The electron transport chain generates a ________________

gradient of hydrogen ions. The electrons are accepted by, ___________________, the

final electron acceptor, which then picks up hydrogens and becomes _____________.

The hydrogen ions diffuse through the enzyme _______________ . That process is

referred to as __________________. The ATP synthase uses the energy of the flowing

hydrogen ions to phosphorylate __________, which becomes ___________.
 
 

The ATP is then available to the cell to supply energy for activities. Three kinds

of cellular work are _____________________, __________________, and

_____________________. When ATP supplies energy to a molecule the _______

phosphate comes ATP and sticks to the molecule. ATP becomes ________ as it supplies

energy.